Suchergebnisse

Population of Vojvodina is showing the characteristics of late demographic transition. The main characteristics of that phase are low mortality rate, slow decrease of fertility rate, increased number of older people etc. This phase is connected to fourth development phase of migrations with significant migrations from one city to another and inside the city area. The purpose of this paper is to define the basic characteristics of potential internal migrations in the region of Vojvodina between cities, most of all towards Novi Sad as economic, political and cultural center. The sample of 2.000 respondents was formed and survey was conducted in the 15 largest cities in the region. The data were analyzed with methods of descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis (rank correlation and MDS analysis). Basic conclusions are that theory of transitional migration is confirmed in Vojvodina, the size of the city is not the only factor for potential migration movements and Novi Sad is by far the most desired destination for significant portion of population in the region, especially of population aged between 20 and 40 years because around 40% of that cohort wish to move to Novi Sad. That will cause significant urban, economic and social problems, not only in the city of Novi Sad but also in the cities where immigrants are coming from. .

Household total expenditure (consumption) is a very important phenomenon in many research areas. The problem is how to get precise information about the consumption from each household and at the same time not to make the questionnaire so long and involved that it becomes a burden to the respondent. In this paper is evidence from several sources on the usefulness of recall consumption questions. Valid information can be collected by adding specific recall questions to general purpose surveys. There are a few recommendations on how to do so.

European countries are making efforts to change their educational system These changes include implementation of the ECTS (European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System) and are based on the Bologna Declaration. Adoption of ECTS will necessitate new quality standards in higher education especially in grading procedures. With only small modifications, the control charts(such as p-charts) used in production and distribution applications can be applied to educational purposes.

For the last decade, the employment structure is one of the fastest changing areas of Eastern Europe. This paper explores the best methodology to compare the employment situations in the countries of this region. Multivariate statistical analyses are very reliable in portraying the full picture of the problem. Principal components analysis is one of the simplest multivariate methods. It can produce very useful information about Eastern European employment in a very easy and understandable way.

In modern societies gender gap attracts significant attention. Scientists are
trying to research this issue from different aspects: demographical,
sociological, economic, etc. The goal of this paper is to define the basic
variables that explain variation on the labor markets in Europe from the
gender point of view and to compare labor market in Serbia with European
countries in order to identify the countries with the most similar gender
performances, with intention to overview their experiences concerning the
policy measures for gender gap reduction. Analysis is conducted through
observations of activity rates, employment rates, unemployment rates,
inactivity rates, and long-term unemployment rates. With use of factor
analysis we have identified the main factors on the labor markets in Europe
and on the basis of cluster analysis we have conducted grouping of countries
on the basis of discovered factors. Identification of cluster with Serbia was
conducted and also the place of the Serbian labor market in the same cluster.
On the basis of quantitative results qualitative analysis was conducted to
overview the experience in the field of gender differences on the labor
market in the countries from the same cluster as Serbia, with special
attention to Italy. Contemporary researches define labor market policy
measures oriented to reduction of inequalities in the field of paid and
unpaid labor. Decrease of these inequalities will consequently lead to the
increase of female labor supply on the market. Final result of this research
is the recommendation of policy measures in order to reduce gender
differences in economic activity with final goal of creating modern society
in Serbia and convergence with the most advanced countries in that field.